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Becoming Vegetarian References


Canadian 
edition, 2003
To order U.S. or Canadian edition, click here.
As the reference list for Becoming Vegetarian is so extensive, it was not possible to include these in the book itself. However we are pleased to make this reference list available to you via the web. The first section includes references used for the whole book. References for specific sections follow, listed by chapter.

General References for Whole Book

American Dietetic Association and Dietitians of Canada. Position of the American Dietetic Association and Dietitians of Canada: Vegetarian Diets. Can J Diet Pract Res. 2003;64(2):62.

American Dietetic Association and Dietitians of Canada Position of the American Dietetic Association and Dietitians of Canada: Vegetarian Diets; J Am Diet Assoc. 2003;103(6):748.

Appleby PN, Thorogood M, Mann JI, Key TJ. The Oxford Vegetarian Study: an overview. Am J Clin Nutr. 1999;70:525S-531S.

Barr SI, Broughton TM. Relative weight, weight loss efforts and nutrient intakes among health-conscious vegetarian, past vegetarian and nonvegetarian women ages 18 to 50. J Am Coll Nutr. 2000;19:781-8.

Davis B, Melina V. Becoming Vegan. The Book Publishing Company, Summertown TN, 2000.

FAO/WHO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations World Health Organization 1988 Requirements of Vitamin A, Iron, Folate, and Vitamin B12. FAO Food and Nutrition Series 23. Rome: FAO, pages 33-50.

Food and Nutrition Board. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Institute of Medicine, 2002 Online at  http://books.nap.edu/books/0309072794/html/351.html

Fonseca V, Agnew JE, Nag D, Dandona P. Bone density and cortical thickness in nutritional vitamin D deficiency: effect of secondary hyperparathyroidism. Ann Clin Biochem. 1988;25(Pt 3):271-4.
Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press, 2000.

Harman, SK, Parnell, WR The nutritional health of New Zealand vegetarian and non-vegetarian Seventh-day Adventists: selected vitamin, mineral and lipid levels. N Z Med J. 1998;111: 91-94.

Health and Welfare Canada. Nutrition Recommendations: The Report of the Scientific Review Committee, Ottawa ON. 1990.

Jacob RA, Burri BJ. Oxidative damage and defense. Am J Clin Nutr. 1996;63:985S-990S.

Janelle KC, Barr SI. Nutrient intakes and eating behavior scores of vegetarian and nonvegetarian women. J Am Diet Assoc. 1995;95:180-189.

Joint FAO/WHO Expert Consultation. Protein Quality Evaluation. FAO Food and Nutrition Paper 51. Rome, 1991.

Larsson C, Johansson G. Dietary intake and nutritional status of young vegans and omnivores in Sweden. Am J Clin Nutr. 2002;76:100-6.

Mangels AR, Messina V. Considerations in planning vegan diets: infants. J Am Diet Assoc. 2001;101:670-7.

Messina V, Melina V, Mangels AR. A new food guide for North American vegetarians.  Can J Diet Pract Res. 2003;64(2):82.

Messina V, Melina V, Mangels AR. A new food guide for North American vegetarians.  J Am Diet Assoc. 2003;103(6):771.

Messina MJ, Messina VL. The Dietitian's Guide to Vegetarian Diets: Issues and Applications. Gaithersburg, MD. Aspen Publishers; 1996.

Messina V, Mangels AR. Considerations in planning vegan diets: children. J Am Diet Assoc. 2001;101:661-9.

National Academy of Sciences, Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D and Flouride. Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 1997.

Sabate J (ed). Vegetarian Nutrition. CRC Press, Loma Linda, CA, 2001.

Sanders TA. The nutritional adequacy of plant-based diets. Proc Nutr Soc. 1999;58:265-9.

Sandstrom B. Micronutrient interactions: effects on absorption and bioavailability. Br J Nutr. 2001;85 Suppl 2:S181-5.

Trumbo P, Yates AA, Schlicker S, Poos M. Dietary reference intakes: vitamin A, vitamin K, arsenic, boron, chromium, copper, iodine, iron, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, silicon, vanadium, and zinc. J Am Diet Assoc. 2001;101:294-301.

U.S. Department of Agriculture. Dietary Guidelines for American 2000. http://www.health.gov/dietaryguidelines/dga2000/DIETGD.PDF, pages 15-17.

U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. 2001. USDA Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 14. Nutrient Data Laboratory Home Page, http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/foodcomp

Chapter 1. Why Be Vegetarian?

Appleby PN, Thorogood M, Mann JI, Key TJ. The Oxford Vegetarian Study: an overview. Am J Clin Nutr. 1999;70(3 Suppl):525S-531S.

Ayres E.  Will we still eat meat? Time Magazine. 1999;Nov.8

Breier DG, Mangels R. Vegan and Vegetarian FAQ. The Vegetarian Resource Group. Baltimore, MD. 2001

Corliss R. Should we all be vegetarians? Time Magazine. 2002;July 6

Craig W. Nutrition and Wellness. Golden Harvest Books. Berrien Springs, MI. 1999.

Eisnitz G.  Slaughterhouse.  Prometheus Books, New York,1997.

Ellis F, Montegriffo V. Veganism, clinical findings and investigations. Am J Clin Nutr. 1970;23:249-255.

Famous Veggie.com website at http://www.famousveggie.com/quotes.cfm

Fedyushina I. Tracking Nutrition Trends IV. Ipsos Reid Poll. National Institute of Nutrition. Tracking Nutrition Trends in Canada, April 29, 2002. 

Fox MA. Deep Vegetarianism. Temple Books, 1999.

Fraser GE, Lindsted  KD, Beeson WL. Effect of risk factor values on lifetime risk of age at first coronary event. The Adventist Health Study. Am J Epidemiol. 1995;142:746-758.

Fraser R. The Australian Vegetarian Experience. 33rd World Vegetarian Congress, Chiang Mai, Thailand, January 4 - 10, 1999.

Ginsberg C, Ostrowski A. The market for vegetarian foods. Vegetarian Journal 2002;4:25-29.

Havala S. Being Vegetarian for Dummies John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY, 2001.

International Vegetarian Union website at http://www.ivu.org/

Key TH, Thorogood M, Appleby PM, Burr ML. Dietary habits and mortality in 11,000 vegetarians and health conscious people: results of 17-year follow up. British Medical Journal. 1996:313:775-779.

Lappé FM, Diet for a Small Planet. Ballantine Books. New York, NY. 1971 and 1992.

Lewis S. An opinion on the global impact of meat consumption. Am J Clin Nutr. 1994;59(S):1099S-1109S.

Marcus E. Vegan, The New Ethics of Eating. McBooks Press, Ithaca, New York, 1998.

Messina M, Messina, V. The Dietitian's Guide to Vegetarian Diets: Issues and Applications. Gathersburg, MD:  Aspen Publishers, Inc. 1996.

National Restaurant Association. Tableservice Restaurant Trends – 2001. Washington, DC, 2001.

Ornish D. Dr. Dean Ornish's Program for Reversing Heart Disease. Random House. New York, NY: 1990.

Pimentel D and Giampietro M. Food, land, population, and the U.S. economy. http://dieoff.org/page40.htm

Robbins J. Diet for a New America. H J Kramer. Novato CA. 1987.

Robbins J. The Food Revolution. Conari Press, Berkley California, 2001.

Schlesinger WH. Biogeochemistry: An Analysis of Global Change. 2nd ed. Academic Press, San Diego, 1997.

Schlosser E.  Fast Food Nation.  Houhton Mifflin Company, Boston/New York, 2001.

Seager, J. Earth Follies: Coming to Feminist Terms with the Global Environmental Crisis. Routledge, New York, 1993.

Spencer C. A Heretic’s Feast, University Press of New England, 1995.

The Vegetarian Society of the United Kingdom. http://www.vegsoc.org/

Third International Congress on Vegetarian Nutrition.  Am J Clin Nutr September 1999;Supplement (entire issue).

Vegetarian Resource Group. How many vegetarians are there?  A 2000 National Zogby Poll. Vegetarian Resource Group Vegetarian Journal. 2000;26 and back cover. 

Worldwatch Institute. State of the World 2000.  W.W. Norton, New York, 2000.

Chapter 2. Maximizing the Vegetarian Advantage

General

Brown et al. State of the World 2000. Worldwatch Institute. New York. WW Norton. 1999.

Deckelbaum RJ, Fisher EA, Winston M, Kumanyika, Lauer RM, Pi-Sunyer FX, St.

Deckelbaum, R J. et al. Summary of a Scientific Conference on Preventive Nutrition: Pediatrics to Geriatrics – AHA Conference Proceedings. Circulation. 1999;100:450-456.

Fraser GE. Associations between diet and cancer, ischemic heart disease, and all-cause mortality in non-Hispanic white California Seventh-day Adventists. Am J Clin Nutr. 1999;70:532S-538S.

Jeor S, Schaefer EJ, Weinstein IB. Summary of a Scientific Conference on Preventive Nutrition: Pediatrics to Geriatrics. Circulation. 1999:100:450-456.

Key T. and Davey G. Prevalence of obesity is low in people who do not eat meat. British Medical Journal. 1996; 313, 816-817.

Key TJ, Fraser GE, Thorogood M, Appleby PN, Beral V, Reeves G, Burr ML, Chang-Claude J, Frentzel-Beyme R, Kuzma JW, Mann J, McPherson K.. Mortality in vegetarians and nonvegetarians: detailed findings from a collaborative analysis of 5 prospective studies. Am J Clin Nutr. 1999;70:516S-524S.

Nestle, Marion. Food Politics. Berkley and Los Angeles California. University of California Press, 2002. 

Slatter M, Jacobs D, Hilner J Jr, Caan B, Van Horn L, Bragg C, Manolio T, Kushi L, Liu D. Meat consumption and its association with other diet and health factors in young adults: the CARDIA study. Am J Clin Nutr. 1992; 56:699-704.

Willet, Walter.  Eat, Drink and Be Healthy.  New York. Simon and Schuster Source, 2001.

World Health Organization Study Group on Diet, Nutrition and Prevention of Noncommunicable Diseases.  Diet, Nutrition and Prevention of Chronic Diseases. Geneva, Switzerland Technical Report Series No. 797. World Health Organization 1991.

Heart Disease

Bissoli L, DiFrancesco V, Ballarin A, Mandragona R, Trespidi R, Brocco G, Caruso B, Bosello O, Zamboni M. Effect of vegetarian diet on homocysteine levels. Ann Nutr Metab. 2002;46:73-79.

Bozzini C, Girelli D, Tinazzi E, Olivieri O, Stranieri C, Bassi A, Trabetti E, Faccini G, Pignatti PF, Corrocher R. Biochemical and genetic markers of iron status and the risk of coronary artery disease: an angiography-based study. Clin Chem. 2002;48(4):622-8.

Burr ML, Sweetnam PM. Vegetarianism, dietary fibre, and mortality. Am J Clin Nutr. 1982;36(5):873-7.

Cappuccio FP, Bell R, Perry IJ, Gilg J, Ueland PM, Refsum H, Sagnella GA, Jeffery S, Cook DG. Homocysteine levels in men and women of different ethnic and cultural background living in England. Atherosclerosis. 2002;164(1):95-102.

Carroll KK. Review of clinical studies on cholesterol lowering response to soy protein.  J Am Diet Assoc. 1991;91:820-827.

Crane M, Blankenship J, Mullen T, Gregory R, Lukens R Sample C. Total vegetarian diet of unrefined foods lowers Lp(a). 4rth International Congress on Vegetarian Nutrition, Loma Linda University, 2002.

Esselstyn CB Jr. Updating a 12-year experience with arrest and reversal therapy of coronary heart disease. Am J Cardiol. 1999;84(3):339-41.

Fleming, RM. The effect of high-, moderate-, and low-fat diets on weight loss and cardiovascular disease risk factors. Prev Cardiol. 2002;5(3):110-8.

Fraser GE. Diet and coronary heart disease; beyond dietary fats and low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol. Am J Clin Nutr. 1994; 59(5 Suppl):1117S-1123S.

Fraser GE. Effect of risk factor values on lifetime risk of and age at first coronary event.  The Adventist Health Study. Am J Epidemiol. 1995;142:746-758.

Gould KL, Ornish D, Kirkeeide R, Brown S, Stuart Y, Buchi M, Billings J, Armstrong W, Ports T, Scherwitz L. Improved stenosis geometry by quantitative coronary arteriography after vigorous risk factor modification. Am J Cardiol. 1992;69(9):845-53.

Guerrero-Romero F, Rodriguez-Moran M. Relationship between serum magnesium levels and C-reactive protein concentration, in non-diabetic, non-hypertensive obese subjects. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2002;26(4):469-74.

Haddad, EH, Berk, LS, Kettering, JD, Hubbard, RW and Peters, WR. Dietary intake and biochemical, hematologic, and immune status of vegans compared with nonvegetarians. Am J Clin Nutr. 1999;70 (S):586S-93S.

Herrmann W, Schorr H, Purschwitz K, Rassoul F, Richter V. Total homocysteine, vitamin B12, and total antioxidant status in vegetarians. Clin Chem. 2001;47:1094-1101.

Hung CJ, Huang PC, Lu SC, Li YH, Huang HB, Lin BF, Chang SJ, Chou HF. Plasma homocysteine levels in Taiwanese vegetarians are higher than those of omnivores. J Nutr. 2002;132:152-158.

Hung CJ, Huang PC, Lu SC, Li YH, Huang HB, Lin BF, Chang SJ, Chou HF. Plasma homocysteine levels in Taiwanese vegetarians are higher than those of omnivores. J Nutr. 2002;132:152-158.

Krajcovicova-Kudlackova M, Blazicek P, Kopcova J, Bederova A, Babinska K. Homocysteine levels in vegetarians versus omnivores. Ann Nutr Metab. 2000;44:135-138.

Li D et al. The association of diet and thrombotic risk factors in healthy male vegetarians and meat-eaters. Eur J Clin Nutr. 1999;53:612-619.

Mann NJ, Li D, Sinclair AJ, Dudman NP, Guo XW, Elsworth GR, Wilson AK, Kelly FD. The effect of diet on plasma homocysteine concentrations in healthy male subjects. Eur J Clin Nutr. 1999;53:895-9.

McCarty MF.  The reported clinical utility of taurine in ischemic disorders may reflect a down-regulation of neutrophil activation and adhesion.  Med Hypotheses. 1999;53:290-299.

McCarty MF. Sub-optimal taurine status may promote platelet hyperaggregability in vegetarians. Vegetarian Update. Fall 2002.

Melby CM, Toohey ML, Cebrick J. Blood pressure and blood lipids among vegetarian, simivegetarian, and nonvegetarian African Americans.  Am J Clin Nutr. 1994;59:103-9.

Mezzano D, Kosiel K, Martinez C, Cuevas A, Panes O, Aranda E, Strobel P, Perez DD, Pereira J, Rozowski J, Leighton F. Cardiovascular risk factors in vegetarians. Normalization of hyperhomocysteinemia with vitamin B(12) and reduction of platelet aggregation with n-3 fatty acids. Thromb Res. 2000;100:153-160.

Mezzano D, Munoz X, Marinez C, Cuevas A, Panes O, Aranda E, Guasch V, Strobel P, Munoz B, Rodriguez S, Pereira J, Leighton F. Vegetarians and cardiovascular risk factors: hemostasis, inflammatory markers and plasma homocysteine. Thromb Haemost. 1999;81:913-7.

Misra A, Vikram NK, Pandey RM, Dwivedi M, Ahmad FU, Luthra K, Jain K, Khanna N, Devi JR, Sharma R, Guleria R. Hyperhomocysteinemia, and low intakes of folic acid and vitamin B12 in urban North India. Eur J Nutr. 2002;41(2):68-77.

Nydahl, M.C., Gustafsson, I-B., Vessby,B. Lipid-lowering diets enriched with monounsaturated or polyunsaturated fatty acids but low in saturated fatty acids have similar effects on serum lipid concentrations in hyperlipidemic patients.  Am J Clin Nutr. 1994;59:115-22.

Ornish D, Brown SE, Scherwitz LW, Billings JH, Armstrong WT, Ports TA, McLanahan SM, Kirkeeide RL, Brand RJ, Gould KL. Can lifestyle changes reverse coronary heart disease? The Lifestyle Heart Trial.  Lancet. 1990; 336: 129-33.

Ornish D, Scherwitz LW, Billings JH, Gould KL, Merritt TA, Sparler S, Armstrong WT, Ports TA, Kirkeeide RL, Hogeboom C, Brand RJ. Intensive lifestyle changes for reversal of coronary heart disease. JAMA. 1998;16;280(23):2001-7.

Pan WH, Chin CJ, Sheu CT, Lee MH.  Hemostatic factors and blood lipids in young Buddhist vegetarians and omnivores.  Am J Clin Nutr. 1993;58:354-9.

Refsum H, Yajnik CS, Gadkari M, Schneede J, Vollset SE, Orning L, Guttormsen AB, Joglekar A, Sayyad MG, Ulvik A, Ueland PM. Hyperhomocysteinemia and elevated methylmalonic acid indicate a high prevalence of cobalamin deficiency in Asian Indians.  Am J Clin Nutr. 2001;74(2):233-41.

Safeer RS, Cornell MO. Is it time to focus more energy on raising high-density lipoprotein levels? Postgraduate Medicine. 2000;108(7):87-98.

Say AE, Gursurer M, Yazicioglu MV, Ersek B. Impact of body iron status on myocardial perfusion, left ventricular function, and angiographic morphologic features in patients with hypercholesterolemia. Am Heart J. 2002; 143(2):257-64.

Scheier, L. Salicylic acid: One more reason to eat your fruits and vegetables. JADA. 2001:101(12);1406-8.

Sinclair AJ. Dietary fat and cardiovascular disease:  the significance of recent developments for the food industry.  Food Australia. 1993;45(5):226-231.

Snowden DA, Phillips RL, Frazer GE. Meat consumption and fatal ischemic heart disease. Preventative Medicine. 1984;13:490-500.

Snowden DA. Animal product consumption and mortality because of all causes combined, coronary heart disease, stroke diabetes and cancer in Seventh Day Adventists.  Am J Clin. Nutr.1998;48:739-48.

 Cancer

Alavanja MC, Field RW, Sinha R, Brus CP, Shavers VL, Fisher EL, Curtain J, Lynch CF. Lung cancer risk and red meat consumption among Iowa women. Lung Cancer. 2001;34(1):37-46

Archer VE. Cooking methods, carcinogens, and diet-cancer studies. Nutr. Cancer 1988; 11:75-79.

Barceloux DG. Selenium. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 1999;37:145-72.

Briviba K, Schnabele K, Schwertle E, Blockhaus M, Rechkemmer G. Beta-carotene inhibits growth of human colon carcinoma cells in vitro by induction of apoptosis. Biol Chem. 2001;382(12):1663-8.

Cascinu S, Ligi M, Del Ferro E, Foglietti G, Cioccolini P, Staccioli MP, Carnevali A, Luigi Rocchi MB, Alessandroni P, Giordani P, Catalano V, Polizzi V, Agostinelli R, Muretto P, Catalano G. Effects of calcium and vitamin supplementation on colon cell proliferation in colorectal cancer. Cancer Invest. 2000;18(5):411-6.

Castle EP, Thrasher JB. The role of soy phytoestrogens in prostate cancer. Urol Clin North Am. 2002;29(1):71-81, viii-ix.

Chan JM, Stampfer MJ, Ma J, Gann PH, Gaziano JM, Giovannucci EL. Dairy products, calcium, and prostate cancer risk in the Physicians’ Health Study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2001;74(4):549-54.

Chatenoud L, La Vecchia C, Franceschi S, Tavani A, Jacobs DR Jr, Parpinel MT, Soler M, Negri E.  Refined-cereal intake and risk of selected cancers in italy. Am J Clin Nutr. 1999;70(6):1107-10.

Clark L, et al. Effects of selenium supplementation for cancer prevention on patients with carcinoma of the skin: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 1996;276:1957.

Colditz GA. Selenium and cancer prevention: promising results indicate further trials required. JAMA. 1996;276:1984-5.

Combs GF, Gray WP. Chemopreventive agents: selenium. Pharmacol Ther. 1998;79:179-92.

De Stefani E, Brennan P, Boffetta P, Mendilaharsu M, Deneo-Pellegrini H, Ronco A, Olivera L, Kasdorf H.  Diet and adenocarcinoma of the lung: a case-control study in Uruguay. Lung Cancer. 2002;35(1):43-51.

Ferrier T. On Behalf of the Creatures. The Order of the Cross, London England. 1903.

Finegold SM, Attebery HR, Sutter VL. Effect of diet on human fecal flora: Comparison of Japanese and American diets. Am J Clin Nutr. 1974;27:1456-1469.

Finegold SM, Flora DJ, Attebery HR, Sutter VL. Fecal bacteriology of colonic polyp patients and control patients. Cancer Res. 1975;35:3407-3417.

Giem P, Beeson WL, Fraser GE. The incidence of dementia and intake of animal products: preliminary findings from the Adventist Health Study. Neuroepidemiology. 1993;12:28-36.

Giovannucci E. Epidemiologic studies of folate and colorectal neoplasia: a review. J Nutr. 2002;132(8):2350S-5S.

Giovannucci E. Selenium and risk of prostate cancer. Lancet 1998;352:755.

Huncharek M, Kupelnick B. Dietary fat intake and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer: a meta-analysis of 6,689 subjects from 8 observational studies. Nutr Cancer. 2001;40(2):87-91.

Jenkins DJ, Jenkins AL, Rao AV, Thompson LU.  Cancer risk: possible protective role of high carbohydrate high fibre diets. Am J Gastroenterol. 1986;81(10):931-5.

Kasum CM, Nicodemus K, Harnack LJ, Jacobs DR Jr, Folsom AR; Iowa Women’s Health Study. Whole grain intake and incident endometrial cancer: the Iowa Women’s Health Study. Nutr Cancer. 2001;39(2):180-6.

Khosraviani K, Weir HP, Hamilton P, Moorehead J, Williamson K. Effect of folate supplementation on mucosal cell proliferation in high risk patients for colon cancer. Gut. 2002;51(2):195-9.

Knekt P, Jarvinen R, Dich J, Hakulinen T. Risk of colorectal and other gastro-intestinal cancers after exposure to nitrate, nitrite and N-nitroso compounds: a follow-up study. Int J Cancer. 1999;80(6):852-6

Kristal AR, Cohen JH, Qu P, Stanford JL. Associations of energy, fat, calcium, and vitamin D with prostate cancer risk. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2002;11(8):719-25.

Levi F, Pasche C, Lucchini F, Chatenoud L, Jacobs DR Jr, La Vecchia C. Refined and whole grain cereals and the risk of oral, oesophageal and laryngeal cancer. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2000 Jun;54(6):487-9.

Littman AJ, Beresford SA, White E. The association of dietary fat and plant foods with endometrial cancer (United States). Cancer Causes Control. 2001;12(8):691-702.

Liu X, Wang Q, Ma J. A case-control study on the risk factors of stomach cancer in Tianjin city. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2001 Oct;22(5):362-4.

Lopez-Carrillo L, Lopez-Cervantes M, Ward MH, Bravo-Alvarado J, Ramirez-Espitia A. Nutrient intake and gastric cancer in Mexico. Int J Cancer. 1999;83(5):601-5.

Marlett JA, McBurney MI, Slavin JL; American Dietetic Association. Position of the American Dietetic Association: health implications of dietary fibre. J Am Diet Assoc. 2002;102(7):993-1000.

Mayne ST, Risch HA, Dubrow R, Chow WH, Gammon MD, Vaughan TL, Farrow DC, Schoenberg JB, Stanford JL, Ahsan H, West AB, Rotterdam H, Blot WJ, Fraumeni JF Jr. Nutrient intake and risk of subtypes of esophageal and gastric cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2001;10(10):1055-62.

Miller EC, Giovannucci E, Erdman JW Jr, Bahnson R, Schwartz SJ, Clinton SK. Tomato products, lycopene, and prostate cancer risk. Urol Clin North Am. 2002;29(1):83-93.

Murillo G, Mehta RG. Cruciferous vegetables and cancer prevention. Nutr Cancer. 2001;41(1-2):17-28.

Ngoan LT, Mizoue T, Fujino Y, Tokui N, Yoshimura T. Dietary factors and stomach cancer mortality. Br J Cancer. 2002;87(1):37-42.

Noren K. Levels of organochlorine contaminants in human milk in relation to the dietary habits of the mothers. Acta Paediatr Scand. 1983;72(6):811-6.

Slavin JL.Mechanisms for the impact of whole grain foods on cancer risk. J Am Coll Nutr. 2000;19(3 Suppl):300S-307S.

Taylor RP, Albanes D. Selenium, vitamin E, and prostate cancer - ready for prime time? J Natl Cancer Inst. 1998;90:1184-5.

Terry P, Lagergren J, Ye W, Wolk A, Nyren O. Inverse association between intake of cereal fibre and risk of gastric cardia cancer. Gastroenterology. 2001;120(2):387-91.

World Cancer Research Fund in Association with American Institute for Cancer Research. Food, nutrition and the prevention of cancer: a global perspective. World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research,1997.

Wu K, Willett WC, Fuchs CS, Colditz GA, Giovannucci EL. Calcium intake and risk of colon cancer in women and men.  J Natl Cancer Inst. 2002;94(6):437-46.

Zhang M, Yang ZY, Binns CW, Lee AH. Diet and ovarian cancer risk: a case-control study in China. Br J Cancer. 2002; 4;86(5):712-7.

Diabetes

Chandalia M et al. Beneficial effects of a high dietary fibre intake in patients with type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2000; 342:1392–1398.

de Lorgeril M, Salen MP, Delaye J. Effect of a Mediterranean type of diet on the rate of cardiovascular complications in patients with coronary artery disease. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1996 Nov 1;28(5):1103-8.

Fraser GE. Associations between diet and cancer, ischemic heart disease, and all-cause mortality in non-Hispanic white California Seventh-day Adventists. Am J Clin Nutr. 1999;70:532S-538S.

Garg A. et al. Effects of varying carbohydrate content of diet in patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. JAMA. 1994; 271:1421–1428.

Hu FB, van Dam RM, Liu S.  Diet and risk of Type II diabetes: the role of types of fat and carbohydrate.  Diabetologia. 2001;44(7):805-17.

Nicholson, A. et al.  Toward improved management of NIDDM: A randomized, controlled, pilot intervention using a lowfat vegetarian diet.  Preventive Medicine. 1999; 29: 87-91.

Pinhas-Hamiel O, Dolan LM, Daniels SR, Standiford D, Khourv PR, Zeitler P. Increased incidence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus among adolescents. Journal of Pediatrics. 1996;128:608-615.

Snowdon DA, Phillips RL. Does a vegetarian diet reduce the occurrence of diabetes? Am J Public Health. 1985;75:507-12.

The American Diabetes Association.  Franz, M.J. et al.  Evidence-Based Nutrition

Principles and Recommendations for the Treatment and Prevention of Diabetes and Related Complications. Diabetes Care. 2002;25:148-198.

van Dam RM, Willett WC, Rimm EB, Stampfer MJ, Hu FB. Dietary fat and meat intake in relation to risk of type 2 diabetes in men. Diabetes Care. 2002;25(3):417-24.

World Health Organization. The scientific basis for diet, nutrition and the prevention of cancer. Background paper for the Joint WHO/FAO Expert Consultation on diet, nutrition and the prevention of chronic diseases, Geneva, 28 January – 1 February 2002.

 Kidney disease

Barsotti G, Morelli E, Cupisti A, Bertoncini P, Giovannetti S. A special supplemented vegan diet for nephritic patients. Am J Nephrol. 1991;11:380-385.

Dhaene M, Sabot JP, Philippart Y, Doutrelepont JM, Vanherweghem JL. Effects of acute protein loads of different sources on glomerular filtration rate. Kidney Int. Suppl.1987;22:S25-S28.

Glei M, Latunde-Dada G, Klinder A, Becker T, Hermann U, Voigt K, Pool-Zobel B. Iron-overload induces oxidative DNA damage in the human colon carcinoma cell line HT29 clone 19A. Mutat Res. 2002;519(1-2):151.

Kontessis P, Jones S, Dodds R, Trevisan R, Nosadini R, Fioretto P, Borsato M, Sacerdoti D, Viberti G.. Renal, metabolic and hormonal responses to ingestion of animal and vegetable proteins. Kidney Int. 1990;38:136-144.

Kontessis PA, Bossinakou I, Sarika L, Iliopoulou E, Papantoniou A, Trevisan R, Roussi D, Stipsanelli K, Grigorakis S, Souvatzoglou A. Renal, metabolic, and hormonal responses to proteins of different origin in normotensive, nonproteinuric type 1 diabetic patients. Diabetes Care. 1995;18:1233.

Wiseman MJ, Hunt R, Goodwin A, Gross JL, Keen H, Viberti GC. Dietary composition and renal function in healthy subjects. Nephron. 1987;46:37-42.

 GI Disorders

Aldoori WH, Giovannucci EL, Rimm EB, Wing AL, Trichopoulos DV, Willett WC, A prospective study of diet and the risk of symptomatic diverticular disease in men. Am J Clin Nutr 1994;60:757-764.

Bennison LJ, Grundy SM. Risk factors for the development of choleslithiasis in man. N Engl J Med. 1978:1161-1167.

Heaton KW. Diet and diverticulosis: new leads [editorial]. Gut. 1985;26:541-543.

Lin OS, Soon MS, Wu SS, Chen YY, Hwang KL, Triadafilopoulos G. Dietary habits and right-sided colonic diverticulosis. Di s Colon Rectum. 2000;43(10):1412-8.

Manousos O, Day NE, Tzonou A, Papadimitriou C, Kapetanakis A, Polychronopoulou-Trichopoulou A, Trichopoulos D. Diet and other factors in the aetiology of diverticulosis: an epidemiological study in Greece. Gut. 1985; Jun;26(6):544-9.

Nair P, Mayberry JF. Vegetarianism, dietary fibre and gastro-intestinal disease. Dig Dis.1994;12(3):177-85.

 Gallstones

Kern F Jr. Effects of dietary cholesterol on cholesterol and bile acid homeostasis in patients with cholesterol gallstones. J Clin Invest. 1994;93(3):1186-94.

Marlett JA, McBurney MI, Slavin JL; American Dietetic Association. Position of the American Dietetic Association: health implications of dietary fibre. J Am Diet Assoc. 2002;102(7):993-1000.

Pixley F, Mann J. Dietary factors in the aetiology of gall stones: a case control study.

Gut. 1988;29(11):1511-5.

Pixley F, Wilson D, McPherson K, Mann J. Effect of vegetarianism on development of gall stones in women. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1985;291(6487):11-2.

Tseng M, Everhart JE, Sandler RS. Dietary intake and gallbladder disease: a review. Public Health Nutr. 1999;2(2):161-72.

Arthritis

Abuzakouk M, O’Farrelly C. Diet, fasting and rheumatoid arthritis. Lancet 1992;339:68.

Darlington LG, Ramsey NW, Mansfield JR. Placebo-controlled, blind study of dietary manipulation therapy in rheumatoid arthritis. Lancet. 1986; i:236-8.

Deighton CM, Gray JW, Bint AJ, Walker DJ. Anti-Proteus antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis same-sexed sibships. Br J Rheumatol. 1992;31:241-245.

Ebringer A, Corbett M, Macafee Y, et al. Antibodies to Proteus in rheumatoid arthritis. Lancet. 1985;ii:305-307.

Fraser GE. Associations between diet and cancer, ischemic heart disease, and all-cause mortality in non-Hispanic white California Seventh-day Adventists. Am J Clin Nutr. 1999; 70;( 3): 532S-538S.

Hazenberg MP, Klasen IS, Kool J, et al. Are intestinal bacteria involved in the etiology of rheumatoid arthritis? APMIS.1992; 100:1-9.

Kjeldsen-Kragh J, Haugen M, Borchgrevink CF, Førre Ø. Vegetarian diet for patients with rheumatoid arthritis-status: two years after introduction of the diet. Clin Rheumatol 1994;13:475-482.

Kjeldsen-Kragh J, Haugen M, Borchgrevink CF, Laerum E, Eek M, Mowinkel P, Hovi K, Førre Ø. Controlled trial of fasting and one-year vegetarian diet in rheumatoid arthritis. Lancet. 1991;338:899-902.

Kjeldsen-Kragh J, Kvaavik E, Bottolfs M, Lingaas E. Inhibition of growth of Proteus mirabilis and Escherichia coli in urine in response to fasting and vegetarian diet. APMIS. 1995;103(11):818-22.

Kjeldsen-Kragh J, Mellbye OJ, Haugen M, et al. Changes in laboratory variables in rheumatoid arthritis patients during a trial of fasting and one-year vegetarian diet. Scand J Rheumatol 1995;24:85-93.

Kjeldsen-Kragh J, Sumar N, Bodman-Smith K, Brostoff J. Changes in glycosylation of IgG during fasting in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Br J Rheumatol. 1996;35(2):117-9.

Kjeldsen-Kragh J.Rheumatoid arthritis treated with vegetarian diets. Am J Clin Nutr. 1999;70:594S-600S.

Kjeldson-Kragh J, Rashid T, Dybwad A, et al. Decrease in anti-Proteus mirabilis but not anti-Escherichia coli antibody levels in rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with fasting and a one year vegetarian diet. Ann Rheumatol Dis 1995;54:221-224.

Kremer JM, Michalek AV, Lininger L, et al. Effects of manipulation of dietary fatty acids on clinical manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis. Lancet. 1985;1:184-187.

La Vecchia C, Decarli A, Pagano R. Vegetable consumption and risk of chronic disease. Epidem. 1998;9:208-10.

McDougall J, Bruce B, Spiller G, Westerdahl J, McDougall M. Effects of a very low-fat, vegan diet in subjects with rheumatoid arthritis. J Altern Complement Med. 2002;8(1):71-5.

Morgan SL, Anderson AM, Hood SM, et al Nutrient intake patterns, body mass index, and vitamin levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Care Res. 1997;10:9-17.

Muller H, de Toledo FW, Resch KL. Fasting followed by vegetarian diet in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review. Scand J Rheumatol. 2001;30(1):1-10.

Panush RS. Reflections on unproven remedies. Rheumatol Dis Clin N Am 1993;19:201-6.

Peltonen R, Kjeldsen-Kragh J, Haugen M, Tuominen J, Toivanen P, Forre O, Eerola E. Changes of faecal flora in rheumatoid arthritis during fasting and one-year vegetarian diet. Br J Rheumatol. 1994;33(7):638-43.

Sköldstam L, Larsson L, Lindström FD. Effects of fasting and lactovegetarian diet on rheumatoid arthritis. Scand J Rheumatol. 1979;8:249-55.

Sköldstam L. Fasting and Vegan Diet in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Scand J Rheumatol. 1986;15:219-23.

Dementia

Miller EC, Giovannucci E, Erdman JW Jr, Bahnson R, Schwartz SJ, Clinton SK.

Nilsson K, Gustafson L, Hultberg B. The plasma homocysteine concentration is better than that of serum methylmalonic acid as a marker for sociopsychological performance in a psychogeriatric population. Clin Chem. 2000;46:691-6.

Nourhashemi F, Gillette-Guyonnet S, Andrieu S, Ghisolfi A, Ousset PJ, Grandjean H, Grand A, Pous J, Vellas B, Albarede JL.. Alzheimer’s Disease: protective factors. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000;71:643S-649S.

Olson DA. Association of vitamin E and C supplement use with cognitive function and dementia in elderly men. Neurology. 2000;55:901-2.

Riedel WJ, Jorissen BL. Nutrients, age and cognitive function. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 1998;1:579-85.

Rogers P, Hassan J, Bresnihan B, et al. Antibodies to Proteus in rheumatoid arthritis. Br J Rheumatol. 1988;27(suppl II):90-94.

Ross GW, Petrovitch H, White LR, Masaki KH, Li CY, Curb JD, Yano K, Rodriguez BL, Foley DJ, Blanchette PL, Havlik R. Characterization of risk factors for vascular dementia: The Honolulu-Asia Aging Study. Neurology. 1999;53:337-43.

Chapter 3. Power from Plants…legumes, nuts, and seeds

Protein